The problem of the scientific vocation and the reform of the philosophy studies and university degrees. From the Enlightenment to the liberals (1807-1843)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20318/cian.2025.9603Keywords:
history of universities, scientific vocation, public instruction, Enlightenment, Liberalim, doctor degree, philosophy studies, Central University of MadridAbstract
The scientific vocation became a matter of State in the 18th century due to the need for scientists in the different disciplines, whose knowledge was essential to guarantee economic progress and social stability. The State was then concerned with fostering scientific vocations, providing them with advanced training and encouraging them by offering scientists a professional outlet, which consisted of a academic career. To this end, the teaching of the degree in Philosophy and the doctor degree were modified. After the failure of the Enlightenment initiatives, the liberals proposed various measures aimed at achieving these goals, including the establishment in Madrid of a university offering training in all sciences, the Central University. This article reviews the different
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