Ukrainian university in spirit and a European university in model. Retrospective and prospective approach of ’fifth freedom’ adoption in the European Union. CIAN-Revista de Historia de las Universidades, [S. l.], v. 28, n. 2, 2025. DOI: 10.20318/cian.2025.10027. Disponível em: https://e-revistas.uc3m.es/index.php/CIAN/article/view/10027. Acesso em: 21 dec. 2025.