Litigio Climático y Derechos Humanos en el Sur Global. Apuntes para el debate

Juan  Auz Vaca

doi:10.20318/eunomia.2024.8519

Juan Auz Vaca Tilburg University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4280-9433

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20318/eunomia.2024.8519

Palabras clave: litigio climático, justicia climática, Sur Global, derechos humanos, cooperación internacional

Resumen

El presente artículo aborda la creciente práctica del litigio climático como herramienta vital para enfrentar la crisis climática global, especialmente enfocada en la justicia climática y la intersección con los derechos humanos. A pesar de los esfuerzos internacionales, las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero continúan aumentando, poniendo en riesgo los objetivos del Acuerdo de París. Este contexto ha llevado a una movilización legal, denominada litigio climático, que busca presionar a gobiernos y corporaciones para que adopten medidas más ambiciosas contra el cambio climático. Los casos emblemáticos en diversas jurisdicciones han comenzado a marcar precedentes importantes, evidenciando el papel de los tribunales en la promoción de políticas climáticas justas y efectivas. Además, el artículo destaca cómo el litigio climático, enmarcado en los derechos humanos, representa una estrategia emergente en el Sur Global, donde la paradoja de sufrir desproporcionadamente las consecuencias del cambio climático sin ser los principales emisores de GEI subraya la necesidad de una justicia climática genuina. La conclusión resalta la importancia de un enfoque colaborativo y basado en los derechos en la lucha contra el cambio climático, subrayando la necesidad de políticas onozcan las disparidades en la contribución y vulnerabilidad al cambio climático entre las naciones.

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