Soporte vital básico: Efectividad de una intervención en adolescentes empleando el QR = Basic Life Support: Effectiveness of an intervention in adolescents using the QR
Abstract
Resumen: Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad de una intervención educativa en Soporte Vital Básico (SVB) empleando el quick response code (QR) en términos de mejora de conocimientos teóricos y habilidades prácticas en alumnos de 4º ESO de San Fernando (Cádiz),España. Metodología: Compuesta de dos etapas:1ªinvestigación bibliográfica desde 2008 a 2014 en las bases de datos PubMed, CuidenPlus, Dialnet, SciELO, Embase, el Índice Médico Español (IME) y 2ª Investigación cuasi-experimental pre y post intervención con la participación de 246 adolescentes a quienes se les realizó una intervención y posteriormente se les aplicó un cuestionario auto administrado de conocimiento teórico, un check-list de habilidades prácticas y un cuestionario de satisfacción. Se empleó la prueba ANOVA y prueba de rango post hoc HSD de Tukey. Resultados: La variable conocimiento teórico muestra diferencias significativas (p=0%) para todos los momentos a excepción de los momentos post-intervención inmediata y la post-intervención de los 6 meses, en cambio la variable adquisición habilidades prácticas muestra diferencias significativas (p=0%) para todos los momentos de la intervención. El grado de satisfacción global es del 99%. Conclusión: Existe evidencia estadísticamente significativa (p<0.0000) de la efectividad de la intervención en SVB con empleo del QR y un elevado grado de satisfacción por parte de los alumnos.
Palabras clave: Resucitación Cardio Pulmonar básica, Educación Secundaria, Enfermería, Tecnología de la Información, Proyectos de Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación
Abstract: Objective: To assess the usefulness of an educational intervention to teach the theory and practical skills about basic life support to high school students from San Fernando(Cádiz). Methods: It is a study which consists of two reports:1ª A literature review of the year 2008-2013 in English and Spanish in the database PubMed, CuidenPlus, Dialnet, SciELO, Embase and Índice Médico Español (IME). 2ª Semi-experimental research carried out in a sample of 246 secondary school students in San Fernando, Cádiz. An educational intervention was developed according to the ILCOR 2015 guidelines. The students, who were an experimental group and a control group at the same time, took a test before and after instruction in order to detect change in knowledge and skills. ANOVA’s test was used to assess the differences in the score changes of the dimensions of the scale employed. Results: Viable data were obtained for 246 students. After analysis of variance, the variable theoretical knowledge shows significant differences (p=0 %) for all the moments with the exception of the moments immediate post-intervention and the post-intervention of 6 months and the variable practical skills shows significant differences (p=0 %) for all the moments of the intervention. The grade of global satisfaction was 99%. Conclusions: The educational intervention in basic life support with QR achieved a significant increase in theoretical knowledge and practical skills. The relevance of these results rests on the lower cost per instructional session for the QR, which can be used an unlimited number of times without supervision. Furthermore, the QR can be distributed free of charge to institutions or individuals.
Keywords: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Education Secondary, Nursing, Information Techonlogy, Information Technologies and Communication Projects
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