The rights of nature as a new legal paradigm from the indigenous worldview

Abstract

The evolution of the legal concept of nature is analyzed from an anthropocentric perspective toward an ecocentric paradigm that recognizes inherent rights. The human-nature binomial is gradually acquiring a dimension that goes beyond the necessary protection of the environment. This change has been driven primarily by the worldview of indigenous communities whose survival and culture are intrinsically linked to their natural environment. It focuses on the pioneering cases of Ecuador and Bolivia. In this sense, the recognition of rights to nature in their Constitutions is driving a movement in the legal sphere that requires systematic analysis. The ecocentric worldview that prevails in indigenous communities has been a source of inspiration for some legislative initiatives; however, it is important to find a balance between the search for harmony with nature, the guarantee of sustainable development for future generations, and the protection of natural environments that mean survival for many populations.