La Telesalud y la sociedad actual: retos y oportunidades = Telehealth and the current society: challenges and opportunities
Abstract
Resumen: La telesalud ha experimentado un gran avance en las últimas décadas, motivado por todas las ventajas que ofrece a los sistemas de salud. Los gobiernos nacionales e instituciones internacionales están trabajando en programas y guías para garantizar un desarrollo óptimo y eficaz. La telesalud debe ser entendida como un instrumento, no como un objetivo, que persiga mejorar la atención a los usuarios así como su calidad de vida. En este sentido, este artículo tiene como objetivo principal abordar el área de la telesalud desde una perspectiva social, así como realizar una reflexión sobre los retos y oportunidades actuales. Se presenta el modelo de telesalud basado en la persona proponiéndose su utilización para el desarrollo de programas que incluyan estas herramientas. La telesalud aporta numerosas ventajas tales como la sostenibilidad del sistema sanitario, mejora la gestión de la demanda, reducción de las estancias hospitalarias, disminución de repetición de consultas y desplazamientos, mejora la comunicación entre profesionales y accesibilidad a los servicios de salud. Sin embargo, aún hay retos hacia los que dirigir los futuros esfuerzos como permitir una mejor integración de los sistemas de información, mejorar la seguridad y confidencialidad de los datos, así como crear planes de formación y capacitación a profesionales y usuarios.
Palabras clave: Telesalud, Telemedicina, e-Salud, Internet.
Abstract: Telehealth has experienced a great development during the last decades, due to all the advantages that it brings to health systems. National governments and international institutions are working in programs and guidelines aiming to ensure an effective development. Telehealth should be understood as an instrument, not as an objective, aiming to improve health services and quality of life. With these regards, the main objective of this article is to present the telehealth field from a social perspective, and reflect about the current challenges and opportunities. The model person-centred telehealth is discussed and its use is suggested in future telehealth care services. Telehealth provides many advantages to health systems by increasing the system sustainability, improving the demand management, reducing hospital stays, decreasing the number of health consultations and travels, improving communication among clinicians and users’ access to healthcare services. However, there are still some challenges that need to be addressed by allowing better integration of the information systems, improving data security and confidenciality, as well as creating training programs for both clinicians and users.
Keywords: Telehealth, Telemedicine, eHealth, Internet
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