Comunicación educativa a pacientes con diabetes mellitus 2 y adherencia al tratamiento nutricional = Educational communication to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and adherence to nutritional therapy
Abstract
Las modificaciones en el estilo de vida para adoptar la alimentación saludable son el eje del control metabólico en quienes tienen enfermedades no transmisibles. Así, el objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la adherencia al tratamiento no farmacológico de los asistentes a un programa de comunicación educativa. Se evaluaron los resultados de 142 pacientes que asistían a una unidad médica a través de sus marcadores bioquímicos y de las respuestas al test KIDMED. Hubo media de 4.1 asistencias mensuales durante el semestre. Sólo 16% de los participantes tuvo el logro de glucosa < a 6.1 mmol/L y 25% con hemoglobina glicosilada < 6.5%. Sólo 2.1% estuvieron en el nivel óptimo de la dieta mientras 45.7% tuvieron baja calidad. El tipo de intervenciones con base en el modelo explicativo no generan modificaciones en el estilo de vida saludable.
Palabras clave: Adherencia, Comunicación en salud, DiabetIMSS, Enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, Estilo de vida saludable.
Abstract: Changes in lifestyle to adopt healthy eating are the backbone of metabolic control in people with NCDs. Thus, the objective of this research was to analyze adherence to non-pharmacological treatment of those attending a program of educational communication. The results of 142 patients attending a medical unit through its biochemical markers and test responses were evaluated with KIDMED. There were monthly averages of 4.1 assists during the semester. Only 16% of participants achieved <5.5 mmol/L and 25% of them glycosylated hemoglobin <6.5%. Only 2.1% had an optimal diet while 45.7% had low quality. The type of interventions based on the explanatory model does not generate changes in healthy lifestyle.
Keywords: Non communicable diseases, health Communications, healthy lifestyle, DiabetIMSS, adherence.
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