Validación de un cuestionario de satisfacción con el servicio de fisioterapia en residencias de mayores institucionalizados = Validation of a satisfaction questionnaire with physiotherapy service in institutionalized nursing homes
Abstract
Resumen: Introducción. La progresiva incorporación del fisioterapeuta como parte del equipo multidisciplinar en las instituciones geriátricas de todo el país se ha hecho evidente. Pero los datos sobre el grado de satisfacción que los usuarios tienen con este servicio son casi inexistentes, debido a la falta de instrumentos fiables que lo midan. Objetivo. Diseñar y validar un cuestionario útil que defina la satisfacción que tienen los usuarios de centros geriátricos con el servicio de fisioterapia que reciben. Metodología. Se establecieron diversos bloques temáticos para componer las principales cuestiones a valorar en la función del fisioterapeuta dentro de una residencia, información que fue sometida a consulta en un panel de expertos. Tras el análisis realizado por estos jueces-expertos, se generó a través de consenso una serie de ítems que conformarían el cuestionario provisional sobre satisfacción con el servicio de fisioterapia teniendo en cuenta la validez de contenido, constructo, claridad e inteligibilidad de la información. Este cuestionario provisional fue testado en una muestra de 100 usuarios; el cuestionario final se sometió a la valoración de una muestra de 353 mayores institucionalizados en Andalucía. Resultados y Conclusiones. Se ofrece un cuestionario validado que permita expresar la satisfacción con el servicio de fisioterapia en las residencias de mayores. La información que este cuestionario puede generar, contribuiría a desvelar cuales son las actuales fortalezas y debilidades de los servicios de fisioterapia prestados, abriendo nuevos horizontes tanto para la investigación como para la gestión y mejora de los mismos.
Palabras clave: Cuestionario, Satisfacción, Mayores, Institución, Fisioterapia
Abstract: Introduction. The progressive incorporation of the physiotherapist as part of the multidisciplinary team in geriatric institutions around the country has become evident. But data on the degree of satisfaction of users with this service are almost non-existent, due to the lack of reliable instruments for measuring it. Objective. Design and validate a useful questionnaire which defines the satisfaction of users of geriatric centers with the physiotherapy service they receive. Methodology. Different thematic blocks were established to compose the main issues in the role of the physiotherapist within a residence, information that was submitted to a panel of expert’s consultation. Following the analysis carried out by these judges-experts, generated through consensus a series of items that would form the provisional questionnaire on satisfaction with the physiotherapy service taking into account the validity of content, construct, clarity and intelligibility of information. This provisional questionnaire was tested on a sample of 100 users; the final questionnaire was submitted to the assessment of a sample of 353 institutionalized elders in Andalusia. Results and conclusions. Provides a validated questionnaire that allows expressing satisfaction with the physiotherapy service in nursing homes. The information that this questionnaire can generate could contribute to reveal what are the current strengths and weaknesses of the physiotherapy services provided and opening new horizons both for research and for the management and improvement of them.
Keywords: Questionnaire, Satisfaction, Elders, Institution, Physiotherapy
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