Infodemia and COVID-19. Evolution and viralization of false information in Spain
Abstract
Introduction: Verifying information is a democratic challenge, especially in periods of exceptionality and crisis. Objective: To analyze the type of hoaxes identified during the COVID-19 pandemic according to their topic, verification date, distribution channels, viralization in other countries and identification of their promoters. Methodology: 166 hoaxes reported by the organization Maldita.es to the collaborative verification platform LatamChequea from February 14 to April 15, 2020 have been analyzed. Results: Among the main results, we draw attention to the high presence of misinformation around infections and preventive measures. Conclusions: Misinformation and disinformation increases as the pandemic sets in and a series of containment measures are taken, we hightlight the viralization of hoaxes through social networks and instant messaging services, in addition to its international reach and the high difficulty in identifying its promoters.
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