La comunicación no verbal con el anciano y los profesionales sanitarios = Nonverbal communication with the elderly and health professionals
Abstract
El ser humano lleva comunicándose continuamente desde sus orígenes, satisfaciendo de esta manera una necesidad humana básica. Esta comunicación no siempre es comprendida o asimilada de la forma deseada .Desde las profesiones sanitarias, el proceso comunicativo mediante el cual establecemos nuevas relaciones, es imprescindible para poder interactuar con los pacientes o clientes. Objetivo. Conocer las modificaciones que se suceden fisiológicamente con el envejecimiento en cuanto a la recepción, interpretación y emisión de mensajes no verbales con el fin de buscar una comunicación óptima con el anciano. Material y Método. Se ha realizado una revisión sistemática de aquellas publicaciones que han aparecido en los últimos diez años y que corresponden a comunicación no verbal con el mayor y los profesionales sanitarios.Las bases de datos utilizadas ha sido: Medline-Pubmed, Cuiden plus, Scielo, CINAHL, EMBASE e IME Resultados. Dos cambios relacionados con la edad que ocurren en la mayoría de los ancianos contribuyen en gran medida a tornar difícil la comunicación con ellos: los cambios en la visión y los cambios auditivos. Conclusiones. La vejez no es de por sí limitante; las limitaciones nacen al ignorar que muchas funciones orgánicas y mentales se modifican sin que por ello las facultades vitales de la persona desaparezcan. Nuestro deber es ofrecer la comprensión necesaria y proveer la interrelación con unas nuevas alternativas.
Palabras clave: Anciano, comunicación no verbal, profesionales.
Abstract: The human being has continually communicating from its origins, thus meeting a basic human need. This communication is not always understood or assimilated as desired .From the health professions, the communicative process by which we establish new relationships, it is essential to interact with patients or clients. Objective. Knowing the physiological changes that occur with aging in terms of reception, interpretation and nonverbal messages broadcast to find an optimal communication the elderly. Material and Methods. There has been a systematic review of publications that have appeared in the last ten years, corresponding to nonverbal communication with the largest and health professionals. The database used was: Medline-Pubmed, Cuiden plus, Scielo, CINAHL, EMBASE and IME results. Two age-related changes that occur in most elderly contribute greatly to render them difficult communication: changes in vision and hearing changes. Conclusions. Old age is not self-limiting; limitations are born to ignore that many organic and mental functions are modified without this vital powers of the person disappear. Our duty is to provide the necessary understanding and provide the interface with new alternatives.
Keywords: Elderly, nonverbal communications, professionals.
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