Barreras comunicativas en la atención sanitaria a la población inmigrante = Communication barriers in health to immigrants
Abstract
Resumen: España tiene una elevada proporción de población inmigrante e igualmente recibe un elevado número de turistas; ambos factores suponen la atención sanitaria de población con barrera idiomática y la repercusión que ello tiene en la atención prestada. Objetivos: El objetivo general que se pretende es conocer las principales dificultades que nos encontramos en la prestación de atención sanitaria a la población inmigrante con idioma diferente. Métodos: Revisión bibliográfica narrativa en las bases de datos de Cuiden, ScienceDirect, CINAHL y MEDLINE utilizando los descriptores “comunicación” and “inmigrante” en el periodo comprendido entre 2009 y 2014 y desarrollados en el contexto sanitario español. Resultados: Las principales categorías de análisis emergentes fueron: acceso y utilización del Sistema Nacional de Salud, barreras lingüísticas y medios facilitadores, diferencias culturales, problemas psicosociales de la población inmigrante y formación de profesionales sanitarios en aspectos culturales e idiomáticos; todas ellas interrelacionadas con los aspectos comunicativos en el proceso de atención. Conclusiones: La barrera idiomática presente entre los profesionales sanitarios y la población inmigrante interfiere en la calidad de la atención prestada desde el acceso y utilización de los servicios sanitarios hasta la continuidad de cuidados y abordaje de problemas psicosociales, siendo necesaria una formación lingüística y cultural de los profesionales sanitarios.
Palabras clave: Atención, barreras, calidad, comunicación, idioma, inmigrantes, salud
Abstract: Spain has a high proportion of immigrants and also receives a high number of tourists; then his professionals have to attend a population with communication barrier and the impact that this has on the care provided. Objectives: The general objective is to know the main difficulties we encountered in the provision of health care to immigrants with different language. Methods: Literature review in the databases Cuiden, ScienceDirect, CINAHL and MEDLINE using the descriptors "Communication" and "immigrant" in the period between 2009 and 2014 and developed in the context of Spanish Health System. Results: The main categories of emerging analysis were: access to and use of the National Health System, linguistic barriers and facilitators media, cultural differences, psychosocial problems of the immigrant population and training of health professionals in cultural and language issues; all interrelated with the communicative aspects in the care process. Conclusions: The language barrier between healthcare professionals and immigrants interferes in the quality of care provided from the access and use of health services to the continuity of care and addressing psychosocial issues, language and cultural training are necessary in health professionals.
Keywords: Barriers, care, communications, health, immigrans, language, quality
Downloads
All articles published in this journal –unless otherwise stated- are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerives (CC-BY-ND 3.0 ES) Spain 3.0 License, which allows others to copy, distribute and transmit in a public way as long as they credit the author(s), journal and institution that publish these articles, and provided that they are not altered or modified. The complete license can be consulted in: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/deed/.es
The copyright belongs to the manuscript’s author just on the basis of creating this work:
- Moral rights are undeniable and inalienable.
- Economic or exploitation rights can be transferred to third parties, as it occurs when articles are published and authors partially or totally transfer their exploitation rights to publishers
Authors can archive their own articles in an institutional repository as long as their publications are cited in this journal.
