Comunicación y salud: La gestión de la crisis del Ébola a través de las redes sociales = Communication and Health: The management of the Ebola Crisis Through Social Networks
Abstract
Resumen: El brote de Ébola de 2014 fue el mayor brote epidémico producido por este virus en su historia. La gestión de la comunicación relacionada con el brote trajo consigo una crisis con implicaciones para las autoridades sanitarias, políticas y mediáticas. Una situación que ha resaltado la importancia de una comunicación sanitaria eficiente en tiempos de crisis. Esta investigación realiza una revisión sobre veinte publicaciones científicas que han aparecido en los últimos años (2014 a 2017) y que hacen referencia al tratamiento de la crisis del Ébola a través de las redes sociales. Los resultados sugieren que la gestión de esta comunicación fue mínima y la divulgación, escasa. Las instituciones tampoco usaron adecuadamente las redes para ampliar información o resolver dudas de la ciudadanía.
Palabras clave: Ébola; Riesgo; Salud; Comunicación de crisis; Redes Sociales; Twitter.
Abstract: The Ebola 2014’s outbreak was the largest outbreak of this virus in its history. The management of communication surrounding the outbreak resulted in a crisis with implications for health, political and media authorities. This situation highlited the importance of an effective health communication in crisis times. Therefore, this investigation carried out a review of twenty scientific publications which have appeared in recent years (2014 to 2017) and which refer to the treatment of Ebola crisis through social networks. The results indicate that the management of this communication was minimal and the divulgation, quite limited. The institutions also did not use this networkss to expand information or resolve citizens’ doubts.
Keywords: Ebola; Risk; Health; Crisis Communication; Social Networks; Twitter.
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