Comunicación y escucha activa por parte del profesional de Enfermería a pacientes con cáncer ginecológico: una revisión bibliográfica = Nursing staff communication and active listening to patients with gynecological cancer: a bibliographic review
Abstract
Resumen: Introducción: Las mujeres con cualquier tipo de cáncer ginecológico necesitan conocer toda la información acerca de su enfermedad, por lo que un buen abordaje de la información por el personal de Enfermería, es fundamental para realizar un abordaje completo a dichas pacientes. Como objetivos se delimitaron: conocer las necesidades de escucha activa entre los profesionales de Enfermería, describir la necesidad de comunicación en las mujeres con cáncer ginecológico en fases de diagnóstico y tratamiento, y, determinar recomendaciones primordiales para una comunicación y escucha activa ante el paciente oncológico. Método: Revisión bibliográfica sobre la comunicación y escucha activa enfermera en pacientes con cáncer ginecológico. Resultados y discusión: En la mayoría de los estudios revisados se afirma la necesidad de formación en comunicación del profesional de Enfermería, para crear una relación terapéutica adecuada a las necesidades del paciente; las pacientes deberán adquirir información acerca de su enfermedad para así poder superarla física y mentalmente. Conclusiones: Una adecuada información a las pacientes con cáncer ginecológico mejora los resultados psicosociales, disminuyendo síntomas de ansiedad, estrés y depresión.
Palabras clave: Cáncer ginecológico; Comunicación; Escucha activa; Enfermería.
Abstract: Introduction: Women which have any kind of gynecological cancer need to know all the information about their disease, therefore a good approach to the information by the Nursing staff is vital to make a complete approach to these patients. As objectives were delimited: were to know about the active listening in Nursing staff, describe the need of communication in women with gynecological cancer during the diagnostic and treatment phase; determine fundamental recommendations for a good communication and active listening to the oncological patient. Methods: We conducted a literature review of communication and active listening by nurses in patients with gynecological cancer. Findings: In most of the studies reviewed the training is claims the need to educate Nursing staff in communication skills, to develop a therapeutic relationship which accommodate to patient’s needs; patients should receive detailed information about their disease to overcome it physically and mentally. Conclusions: An information to women with gynecological cancer improves the psychosocial results decreasing their anxiety, stress and depression symptoms.
Keywords: Gynecological cancer; Communication; Active listenning; Nursing.
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