¿Cómo se comportan los jóvenes y adolescentes ante la información de salud en Internet? = How young people and teenagers behave towards health information in the Internet?
Abstract
Resumen: Este artículo analiza el comportamiento de los jóvenes ante la información de salud online. La investigación se aborda desde una metodología cualitativa realizada entre enero de 2013 y enero de 2015, basada en entrevistas en profundidad con gestores de contenidos de salud, focus group y estudio etnográfico con jóvenes y adolescentes de la Comunidad Autónoma Vasca y de la Comunidad Foral de Navarra. Se destaca que los jóvenes sienten gran interés por adquirir hábitos saludables de alimentación y ejercicio, seguidos por temas de sexualidad, adicciones y salud mental. La edad se presenta como una variable que explica que el target de 21-24 años considere a Internet como el medio hegemónico fundamental en la búsqueda de información de salud, mientras que para el grupo de adolescentes, las principales fuentes de información son los padres y los profesionales de la salud. La edad explica también la capacidad de estos grupos para valorar autónomamente la fiabilidad de la información de salud, encontrando niveles de desconfianza más significativos entre el colectivo de menores. Estos resultados coinciden con otros obtenidos por un equipo de investigación de la Northwestern University, Chicago-Illinois. La educación sigue siendo la clave para ayudar a construir estilos de vida a los jóvenes, ya que los comportamientos y tendencias sociales afectarán a la salud y al bienestar de su futuro.
Palabras clave: Internet, jóvenes, adolescentes, información de salud, calidad, educación, web 2.0
Abstract: Young people and teenagers are the population segments which have highest Internet consumption and are the most participative or active. They recognise the importance of Internet to search for health information, above all due to its accessibility, personalisation and because it guarantees anonymity. Objectives. This paper analyses the behaviour of young people in relation to on-line heath information. Method. We conducted the research from a holistic perspective with qualitative and quantitative techniques between January 2013 and January 2015. Results. We highlight that the young people have a major interest to acquire healthy nutrition and exercise habits, followed by the topics of sexuality, addictions, and mental health. Age is presented as a variable which explains that the target group aged 21-24 consider Internet as the dominant means to search for health information, while for the adolescent group, the main sources of information are their parents and professional health care staff; on the other hand, the age also explains the capacity of these groups to autonomously assess the reliability of the health information, where minors are more suspicious. Discussion. Education continues to be the key to help to construct lifestyles for young people, since the behaviours and social tendencies will have an impact on the health and well-being of their future.
Keywords: Internet, young, teens, health information, quality, education, web 2.0
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