Una taxonomía de los mensajes sobre conductas saludables recordados por adultos en Chile

  • Macarena Peña-y-Lillo Escuela de Periodismo, Universidad Diego Portales, Chile
Palabras clave: Conducta de búsqueda de información, acceso a la información, prevención primaria, conducta de salud

Resumen

Introducción: Los estudios del vínculo entre la exposición a información sobre salud y la adopción y mantención de conductas preventivas suelen pasar por alto que dentro del concepto “información” pueden existir distintas categorías. Objetivo: Explorar los mensajes que reciben las personas en torno a tres hábitos saludables: la práctica de actividad física, el consumo de frutas y verduras y el abandono del consumo de tabaco. Métodos: Se realizaron 36 entrevistas semiestructuradas con personas mayores de 25 años residentes en la ciudad de Santiago de Chile. Resultados: Los mensajes que las personas recuerdan haber recibido pueden organizarse en cuatro categorías: riesgos o aspectos negativos, beneficios, información práctica y prescripciones. Las personas conectan algunas categorías claramente con la adopción de comportamientos, mientras que otras parecen irrelevantes o incluso perjudiciales. Además, se advierten diferencias etarias en la recordación de distintas categorías. Conclusión: Este estudio subraya la necesidad de abrir el concepto de información sobre salud cuando se quiere estudiar su incidencia en las decisiones de salud de las personas, teniendo en cuenta que los entornos informativos de los sujetos están compuestos por distintos tipos de mensajes y que no todos ellos empujan en la dirección deseada.

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Publicado
2023-04-26
Cómo citar
Peña-y-Lillo, M. (2023). Una taxonomía de los mensajes sobre conductas saludables recordados por adultos en Chile. REVISTA ESPAÑOLA DE COMUNICACIÓN EN SALUD, 8-19. https://doi.org/10.20318/recs.2023.7100
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